Adiponectin gene variants and decreased adiponectin plasma levels are associated with the risk of myocardial infarction in young age

The aim of the study was to investigate the role of adiponectin and 5 variants of its gene in the risk of premature myocardial infarction (MI). The studied group (MI < 50) consisted of 158 young patients (125 men) aged < 50 with MI. The control groups consisted of 155 healthy people (97 men), aged < 50 and 202 patients (130 men) aged 50 with MI (MI >= 50). There were statistically significant differences between MI < 50 patients and healthy control group in the prevalence of rs17300539:G > A (AA genotype: 19.3% vs. 0%, p < 0.0001) and rs72563731:C > T variants (CC genotype: 81.5% vs. 15.9%, p < 0.0001) and between MI < 50 and MI >= 50 patients in variants: rs17300539:G > A (AA genotype: 19.3% vs. 0.5%, p < 0.0001), rs72563731:C > T (CC genotype: 82.1% vs. 60.8%, p < 0.0001), rs1501299:G > T (TT genotype: 6.8% vs. 14.9%, p = 0.019) and rs822387:T > C (genotype CC: 1.5% vs. 0%, p = 0.017). Multivariate analysis showed a significantly higher risk of MI in young CC carriers of rs72563731:C > T and in young AA carriers of rs17300539:G > A. Total and HMW adiponectin plasma levels have been significantly lower in MI < 50 patients in comparison to MI >= 50 patients (p = 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively) and to healthy subjects (p = 0.009 and p = 0.01, respectively). Our study indicates the possible role of adiponectin and its genetic variants in MI in young age.