MgO-C bricks for BOF linings

MgO-C brick linings have become standard in basic oxygen furnaces (BOFs) all over the world. Developments in the refractory technology for BOF's over the last few years and their impact on the lifetime and performance of refractory linings are presented. These developments comprise optimised shapes for the lining of BOF and steel fibre reinforced MgO-C bricks. Optimised shapes with double wedges lead to a smooth inner surface of the refractory lining and fewer stresses and refractory consumption. Stainless steel fibre reinforced MgO-C bricks have proven to be the ultimate choice for scrap impacts or other areas with ultra high mechanical loads. They have brought down refractory wear in these particular areas significantly. Moreover, typical lining patterns of different zones in a BOF and the development of the raw material grades (MgO grades and graphite) for refractories as well as the development of lining lifetimes over the last years are discussed.