High prevalence of drug resistance amongst HIV-exposed and -infected children in a tuberculosis prevention trial

被引：11

作者：

Hesseling, A. C. ^{[1
]}

Kim, S. ^{[2
]}

Madhi, S. ^{[3
,4
]}

Nachman, S. ^{[5
]}

Schaaf, H. S. ^{[1
]}

Violari, A. ^{[6
]}

Victor, T. C. ^{[7
]}

McSherry, G. ^{[8
]}

Mitchell, C. ^{[9
]}

Cotton, M. F. ^{[10
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Stellenbosch, Desmond Tutu TB Ctr, Dept Paediat & Child Hlth, ZA-7505 Tygerberg, South Africa

[2] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Biostat AIDS Res, Boston, MA 02115 USA

[3] Univ Witwatersrand, MRC, Resp & Meningeal Pathogens Res Unit, Natl Res Fdn, Johannesburg, South Africa

[4] Univ Witwatersrand, Dept Sci & Technol, Natl Res Fdn, Johannesburg, South Africa

[5] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Pediat, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA

[6] Chris Hani Baragwanath Hosp, Perinatal HIV Res Unit, Johannesburg, South Africa

[7] Univ Stellenbosch, Natl Res Fdn Ctr Excellence Biomed TB Res, Med Res Council Ctr Mol & Cellular Biol, Dept Sci & Technol,Dept Med Biochem,Fac Hlth Sci, Cape Town, South Africa

[8] Penn State Coll Med, Hershey, PA USA

[9] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Miami, FL 33136 USA

[10] Univ Stellenbosch, Tygerberg Acad Hosp, Dept Paediat & Child Hlth, Fac Hlth Sci,KidCru, ZA-7505 Tygerberg, South Africa

来源：

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE | 2012年 / 16卷 / 02期

关键词：

tuberculosis; resistance; HIV; children; isoniazid prevention; WESTERN CAPE PROVINCE; ISONIAZID PROPHYLAXIS; SOUTH-AFRICA; FOLLOW-UP; INFANTS;

D O I：

10.5588/ijtld.10.0795

中图分类号：

R51 [传染病];

学科分类号：

100401 ;

摘要：

An emergence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) in settings affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) has been observed. We investigated the prevalence of DR-TB in P1041, a multicentred, randomised, double-blind trial which compared the administration of isoniazid (INH) to placebo, in HIV-exposed, non-infected and -infected African infants in the absence of any documented TB exposure. The prevalence of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) was 22.2% (95%CI 8.5-45.8) and INH monoresistance 5.6% (95%CI 0.1-27.6) among culture-confirmed cases, with all MDR-TB occurring in a single site. There was no association between INH treatment or placebo group, or between HIV infection status, and DR-TB prevalence. There was a high prevalence of DR-TB among HIV-exposed and -infected children. Surveillance of DR-TB among children in high-burden TB-HIN settings should be routine.

引用

页码：192 / 195

页数：4

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