A highly sensitive fluorescent sensor for Cd2+ and Zn2+ based on diarylethene with a pyrene unit

A novel multifunctional diarylethene fluorescence sensor 10 containing pyrene unit was designed and synthesized. The photochromism and fluorescence photoswitching properties of this diarylethene were studied in detail by irradiation of UV/Vis lights and response of metal ions in acetonitrile solution. Diarylethene fluorescence sensor 10 has high selectivity and sensitivity for the detections of Cd2+ and Zn2+. The limit of detections (LODs) for Cd2+ and Zn2+ were determined to be 1.85 x 10(-9) mol L-1 and 7.68 x 10(-9) mol L-1, respectively. The binding constants (K-a) of 10 with Cd2+ and Zn2+ in acetonitrile solution were calculated to be 5.8 x 10(4) mol(-1) L and 6.0 x 10(4) mol(-1) L, respectively. The compound 10 responded to the metal ions (Cd2+/Zn2+) to form complexations with 1 : 1 stoichiometry which were verified by Job's plot and MS analysis, respectively. In addition, the fluorescence sensor 10 has been successfully applied to the detection of Cd2+ and Zn2+ in real water samples and processed into test strips for on-site analysis and testing. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.