Physical activity and sedentary behaviour of ambulatory older adults in a developed Asian community: a cross-sectional study

INTRODUCTION Physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) independently influence the health outcomes of older adults. Both provide interventional opportunities for successful ageing. We aimed to determine levels of PA and SB in ambulatory older adults and their associated factors in a developed Asian population known for its longevity. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional observational study in a Singapore public primary healthcare centre. Multi-ethnic Asian adults aged a 60 years took an interviewer-administered questionnaire survey. PA and SB were assessed using the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE: score range 0 to > 400) and the Sedentary Behaviour Questionnaire for the Elderly, respectively. RESULTS Among 397 participants (50.9% female; 73.2% Chinese; 47.9% aged >= 70 years; 33.5% employed, including voluntary work), 58.7% had >= 3 chronic illnesses and 11.1% required walking aids. The median PASE score was 110.8 (interquartile range 73.8-171.6) and decreased significantly with increasing age. Higher PASE score was associated with higher educational level, employment, independent ambulation without aid, and fewer chronic illnesses (p < 0.01). Employment status significantly influenced PASE score (beta = 84.9. 95% confidence interval [CI] 66.5-103.4; p < 0.01). 37.0% spent a 8 hours daily on sedentary activity and were twice as likely to do so if they were employed (odds ratio 2.19, 95% CI 1.34-3.59; p < 0.01). CONCLUSION The PA of the older adults decreased with increasing age and increased with employment. One-third of them were sedentary for a 8 hours daily. Those who were employed were twice as likely to have SB.