Primary leiomyosarcoma of the breast: A case report and review of literature

Leiomyosarcomas of the breast are rare tumours. Only 18 such cases have been reported in the literature so far. We describe herein a case of primary leiomyosarcoma of the breast in a 54-year-old woman whose preoperative clinical and cytological findings indicated a benign breast tumour. However, a core needle biopsy of the lesion showed malignant spindle cells without any ductal elements. Histopathological examination of the mastectomy specimen suggested a diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma, which was subsequently confirmed by immunohistochemical analysis. Primary leiomyosarcoma of the breast is very rare and is difficult to diagnose preoperatively as it needs immuno-histochemical staining. It is necessary to excise the tumour with sufficient margins to prevent local recurrence. The role of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy is not well documented.