Atmospheric Air Pollution as One of the Factors of Noncarcinogenic Risk to the Health of the Human Population in Rostov-on-Don

An assessment of the noncarcinogenic risk to the health of the population in Rostov-on-Don was carried out from observations at fixed stations of the Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring of the Russian Federation, in particular, according to the data of the Rostov Center for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring for 2015-2017. Analysis of the data showed that the greatest contribution to the risk of health problems for the city's population is currently made by suspended matter, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, and formaldehyde. Motor transport is the main source of air pollution in the city. To assess the noncarcinogenic risk within the city limits, three independent districts were identified according to the population's activities and, as a consequence, the resulting impact on human health: the first is located in the central part of the city; the second is in the industrial area; and the third is in the residential area. According to the results of the risk assessment of chronic intoxication, it was found that suspended matter is the most dangerous issue in the first and second districts. In the third, the most dangerous substance is formaldehyde. The total risk of immediate issues in the first and second districts is defined as the maximum risk associated with exposure to suspended solids, while in the third it is exposure of carbon monoxide. The results of the assessment of the noncarcinogenic risk allow us to conclude that in the central part of Rostov-on-Don the level of atmospheric air pollution in 2015-2017 reached dangerous values for human health.