Distribution characteristics of ammonia emission from the livestock farming industry in Hunan Province

The distribution characteristics of livestock ammonia emissions in Hunan Province were investigated by applying the foreign average emission factor as the calculating factor. The total ammonia emissions of poultry feeding industry in Hunan province are 39.84 x 10(4)t in 2014, among which the maximum city emission was in Hengyang City as much as 5.50 x 10(4)t.a(-1). Moreover, the intensity of ammonia emissions in 2014 from livestock in Hunan Province averaged 1.88 t/km(-2), and the Xiangtan City emission intensity went up to 3.87 t/km-2 as the maximum. The results showed the reduction of ammonia emissions was mainly attributed to the gradual expansion of exit and prohibited area. Furthermore, pig breeding was found to be the largest source of ammonia emission, as the proportion to 54.82%.