Compositionally and density stratified igneous terrain in Jezero crater, Mars

被引：66

作者：

Wiens, Roger C. ^{[1
,15
]}

Udry, Arya ^{[2
]}

Beyssac, Olivier ^{[3
]}

Quantin-Nataf, Cathy ^{[4
]}

Mangold, Nicolas ^{[5
]}

Cousin, Agnes ^{[6
]}

Mandon, Lucia ^{[7
]}

Bosak, Tanja ^{[8
]}

Forni, Olivier ^{[6
]}

McLennan, Scott M. ^{[9
]}

Sautter, Violaine ^{[3
]}

Brown, Adrian ^{[10
]}

Benzerara, Karim ^{[3
]}

Johnson, Jeffrey R. ^{[11
]}

Mayhew, Lisa ^{[12
]}

Maurice, Sylvestre ^{[6
]}

Anderson, Ryan B. ^{[13
]}

Clegg, Samuel M. ^{[1
]}

Crumpler, Larry ^{[14
]}

Gabriel, Travis S. J. ^{[13
]}

Gasda, Patrick ^{[1
]}

Hall, James ^{[8
]}

Horgan, Briony H. N. ^{[15
]}

Kah, Linda ^{[16
]}

Legett, Carey ^{[1
]}

Madariaga, Juan Manuel ^{[17
]}

Meslin, Pierre-Yves ^{[6
]}

Ollila, Ann M. ^{[1
]}

Poulet, Francois ^{[18
]}

Royer, Clement ^{[7
]}

Sharma, Shiv K. ^{[19
]}

Siljestrom, Sandra ^{[20
]}

Simon, Justin, I ^{[21
]}

Acosta-Maeda, Tayro E. ^{[19
]}

Alvarez-Llamas, Cesar ^{[22
]}

Angel, S. Michael ^{[23
]}

Arana, Gorka ^{[17
]}

Beck, Pierre ^{[24
]}

Bernard, Sylvain ^{[3
]}

Bertrand, Tanguy ^{[7
]}

Bousquet, Bruno ^{[25
]}

Castro, Kepa ^{[17
]}

Chide, Baptiste ^{[1
]}

Clave, Elise ^{[25
]}

Cloutis, Ed ^{[26
]}

Connell, Stephanie ^{[26
]}

Dehouck, Erwin ^{[4
]}

Dromart, Gilles ^{[4
]}

Fischer, Woodward ^{[27
]}

Fouchet, Thierry ^{[7
]}

机构：

[1] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Planetary Explorat Team, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA

[2] Univ Nevada Vegas, Dept Geosci, Las Vegas, NV USA

[3] Sorbonne Univ, Inst neral Phys Mat & Cosmochim, Museum Natl dHist Nat, CNRS, Paris, France

[4] Univ Claude Bernard Lyon1, Univ Lyon, Lab Geol Lyon,CNRS, Ecole Normale Super Lyon,Univ Jean Monnet St Etie, Villeurbanne, France

[5] Univ Mans, Univ Angers, Nantes Univ, Lab Planetol & Geosci,CNRS UMR 6112, Nantes, France

[6] Univ Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Inst Rech Astrophys & Planetol IRAP, CNES, CNRS,UPS, Toulouse, France

[7] Sorbonne Univ, Univ Paris Cite, Observ Paris PSL, Lab Etud Spatiales & Instrumentat Astrophys, Meudon, France

[8] MIT, Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA

[9] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA

[10] Plancius Res, Severna Pk, MD USA

[11] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Space Explorat Sect, Laurel, MD USA

[12] Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA

[13] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA

[14] New Mexico Museum Nat Hist, Albuquerque, NM USA

[15] Purdue Univ, Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA

[16] Univ Tennessee, Earth & Planetary Sci, Knoxville, TN USA

[17] Univ Basque Country, UPV EHU, Bilbao, Spain

[18] Univ Paris Saclay, Inst Astrophys Spatiale, CNRS, Orsay, France

[19] Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA

[20] RISE Res Inst Sweden, Stockholm, Sweden

[21] NASA Johnson Space Ctr, Ctr Isotope Cosmochem & Geochronol, Houston, TX USA

[22] Univ Malaga, Malaga, Spain

[23] Univ South Carolina, Dept Chem & Biochem, Columbia, SC 29208 USA

[24] Univ Grenoble Alpes, Inst Planetol & Astrophys Grenoble, CNRS, Grenoble, France

[25] Univ Bordeaux, Ctr Lasers Intenses & Applicat, CEA, CNRS, Bordeaux, France

[26] Univ Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB, Canada

[27] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA USA

[28] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA

[29] Univ Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

[30] McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ, Canada

[31] Imperial Coll London, Dept Earth Sci & Engn, London, England

[32] Univ Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Inst Mecan Fluides, Inst Natl Polytech Toulouse, Toulouse, France

[33] Sorbonne Univ, Univ Paris Saclay, Lab Atmospheres Milieux Observat Spatiales, CNRS,Univ St Quentin En Yvelines, Guyancourt, France

[34] Univ Valladolid, Res Grp ERICA, Valladolid, Spain

[35] Agencia Estatal Consejo Super Invest Cient, Madrid, Spain

[36] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA

[37] Univ Massachusetts, Kennedy Coll Sci, Dept Phys & Appl Phys, Lowell, MA USA

[38] Univ Toulouse, Inst Super Aeronaut & Espace ISAE SUPAERO, Toulouse, France

[39] Deutsch Zentrum Luft & Raumfahrt DLR, Inst Opt Sensor Syst, Berlin, Germany

[40] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[41] Blue Marble Space Inst Sci, Seattle, WA USA

来源：

SCIENCE ADVANCES | 2022年 / 8卷 / 34期

基金：

美国国家航空航天局; 加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会;

关键词：

SURFACE; IDENTIFICATION; SHERGOTTITES; EMPLACEMENT; OLIVINE; ORIGIN; SYSTEM; ROCKS;

D O I：

10.1126/sciadv.abo3399

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Before Perseverance, Jezero crater's floor was variably hypothesized to have a lacustrine, lava, volcanic airfall, or aeolian origin. SuperCam observations in the first 286 Mars days on Mars revealed a volcanic and intrusive terrain with compositional and density stratification.The dominant lithology along the traverse is basaltic, with plagioclase enrichment in stratigraphically higher locations. Stratigraphically lower, layered rocks are richer in normative pyroxene. The lowest observed unit has the highest inferred density and is olivine-rich with coarse (1.5 millimeters) euhedral, relatively unweathered grains, suggesting a cumulate origin. This is the first martian cumulate and shows similarities to martian meteorites, which also express olivine disequilibrium. Alteration materials including carbonates, sulfates, perchlorates, hydrated silicates, and iron oxides are pervasive but low in abundance, suggesting relatively brief lacustrine conditions. Orbital observations link the Jezero floor lithology to the broader Nili-Syrtis region, suggesting that density-driven compositional stratification is a regional characteristic.

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页数：16

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