ETHICAL THEORIES AND THE WAYS OF ETHICAL REASONING WITHIN THE ETHICS OF TEACHING

The author deals with the current ethical theories and their application in a professional ethics of teaching. She considers the ethical theories, which could serve as a methodological basis for developing the ethics of teaching and consequently also for solving the ethical and moral issues of the teaching profession. Within consequentialist and non-consequentialist ethical theories she gives examples of Slovak, as well as foreign authors and their ethical theories applicable in solving problems presently, especially within school and out of school environment. The bestknown ethical theories of non -utilitarian consequentialism include for example Pettit's virtual consequentialism, Slote's satisficing consequentialism, Jackson's probabilistic consequentialism or Sen's evaluator relative theory to which the ethics of social consequences can be included. The author tries to analyse, evaluate and confront the ethics of social consequences in the everyday work of teachers, she compares it with the opinion of Kenneth A. Strike and Jonas F. Soltis. She is also concerned with reasoning of Elizabeth Campbell, which is based in contemplation from the ethics of virtues and expresses her opinion on the ethics of teaching the most comprehensively and the best philosophically.