Simulation of flow on the hydroelectric power dam spillway via OpenFOAM

A dam is a barrier built across a river to hold back river water for safe retention and control of the water, or storage of water flow. Dams provide the facility to divert the river flow into a pipeline, a canal, or a channel. Dams raise the water levels over a huge area of the river, thus generating storage space. In Pakistan, Mohmand Dam is being constructed on the Swat River in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The construction activities started in September 2019. On completion, the project store will store about one million and two hundred thousand acre-feet of water and generate eight hundred megawatts of low-cost hydroelectricity. Experiments cost a large amount. Thus, the civil engineers tried some case studies. They construct a small spillway as a sample of the dam and use it to predict the flow behaviour. C++-based object-oriented programming is used to model the spillway of Mohmand Dam in OpenFOAM to predict the flow behaviour and pressure in the double basin spillway. The software uses the finite volume method (FVM) in the computation of the mathematical model. To prevent dam collapse, keep obstacles out of the spillway because they may obstruct flow; as the Smagorinsky coefficient and the turbulent flow effect on the double basin spillway shows, the obstacles provide the greatest resistance to flow.