Anxiety, Depression, Psychological Symptoms, Negative Effects, and Other Symptoms of Nicotine Withdrawal

被引：0

作者：

Ifdil, Ifdil ^{[1
]}

Fadli, Rima Pratiwi ^{[2
]}

Rangka, Itsar Bolo ^{[3
]}

Suranata, Kadek ^{[4
]}

Situmorang, Dominikus David Biondi ^{[5
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Negeri Padang, Fac Educ, Dept Guidance & Counseling, Padang, Indonesia

[2] Tlndonesian Inst Counseling, Educ & Therapy, West Sumatera, Indonesia

[3] Univ Indraprasta PGRI, Dept Guidance & Counseling, South Jakarta, Indonesia

[4] Univ Pendidikan Ganesha, Fac Educ, Dept Guidance & Counseling, Bali, Indonesia

[5] Atma Jaya Catholic Univ Indonesia, Dept Guidance & Counseling, Jl Jenderal Sudirman 51 Jakarta Selatan, Jakarta 12930, Indonesia

来源：

ADDICTIVE DISORDERS & THEIR TREATMENT | 2021年 / 20卷 / 04期

关键词：

anxiety; depression; psychological symptoms; negative effects; nicotine withdrawal; SMOKING;

D O I：

10.1097/ADT.0000000000000288

中图分类号：

R194 [卫生标准、卫生检查、医药管理];

学科分类号：

摘要：

This case occurred in a 33-year-old man who has been smoking for 19 years. He had a pattern of consuming 14 cigarettes per day with 30 mg of nicotine intake and high tar levels. The level of tolerance for consumption of nicotine and tar per day is 10 to 15 mg. High cigarette consumption correlates with high nicotine consumption as well. Excessive nicotine consumption over a long period can lead to lung cancer, stroke, heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and psychological disorders.

引用

页码：591 / 592

页数：2

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