Optimal allocation of energy storage systems considering wind power uncertainty

Energy storage systems (ESSs) play a major role in power system planning and operation. As evolution of the storage technologies continues, planners will be regarded the ESSs in future power systems more than ever. Simultaneous determination of size and site of ESSs is a non-deterministic, and non-convex problem, which should take into account the uncertain nature of today's power systems. This paper, for the first time, investigates uncertain optimal allocation of ESSs considering practical constraints, including prohibited zones, and ramp rate, as well as simultaneous reduction of three different and incompatible objective functions of operation cost, voltage deviation, and air emission. Due to complexity of the problem, two multi-objective hybrid algorithms called MOGSA and MOPSO-NSGA_II were proposed. Furthermore, five-point estimation method is utilized in order to model the wind power uncertain nature. The simulation results on IEEE 30-bus test system are detailed. To increase the accuracy and ensure selection of the best solution from among the set of optimal solutions, the multi-criteria decision-making techniques (TOPSIS) are used. The simulation results clearly show the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed method.