One-dimensional cellular automaton model of traffic flow considering dynamic headway

Based on the NaSch cellular automaton traffic model, a modified single lane traffic model is proposed by considering the dynamic headway of successive vehicles, in which the complex characteristic and driving behavior difference between drivers are taken into account. The relationship between the flow rate and the traffic density is obtained by the numerical simulation, and it shows a two-dimensional region in the flow density plane. The three traffic phases, i.e., free flow, synchronized flow, and wide moving jams, are exhibited. It indicates that the synchronized flow and traffic jams can appear even if there is no traffic bottleneck. Besides, the high speed car-following phenomenon is indicated when the traffic is in the synchronized flow. The rate of the high speed car-following is in good agreement with the measured result.