One-dimensional sensitive driving cellular automaton model for traffic flow

Based on the NaSch cellular automaton traffic model, a new one-dimensional cellular automaton model (called SDNaSch model, for short) is proposed through preferentially considering the sensitive behaviour of drivers, in which the randomization brake is arranged before the deterministic deceleration. According to the new update rules of the evolution of vehicles, numerical simulation is conducted and leads to some new results. The fundamental diagram obtained by the simulation shows that the traffic capacity of a road is enhanced and closer to the observed data compared with that of the NaSch model. It is found from the fundamental diagram that there exist two branches in some density regions, which illustrates the existence of the metastable state near the critical point and the phase separation. According to the evolution pattern of the vehicle speed in space and time, the wide moving jams is reproduced with the phase transitions between free flow and wide moving jams. With the consideration of the actual traffic situation, i.e., some drivers being sensitive and following the new rules, while others being not and following the original NaSch rules, the corresponding simulation verifies the remarkable effect of the sensitive driving factor on the characteristics of traffic flows. The traffic capacity rises along with the increase in the fraction of sensitive drivers.