Assemblage of particles for intelligent materials

We propose a particle assemblage as a production method of intelligent materials and multi-functional materials, in general, materials have various primitive functions, and intelligent materials have synthesized functions. Thus, the concept we propose is that the synthesis of the primitive functions can be attained by the proper combination with the parts of materials. Powder particles are favorable as elemental parts from the practical viewpoint. Thus, more precise handling techniques for fine particles are necessary to realize our proposal. Particle arrangement on the substrates is one of the handling techniques we have studied. Experiments are conducted as a first step to the creation of intelligent materials. Spherical SiO2 particles of 5.1 mu m diameter can be arranged on the electrified patterns drawn by electron beam scanning on CaTiO3 substrate. Relatively clear electrified patterns and particle images are obtained. Basic aspects of the process such as the interaction force between the particles and the substrates are discussed in order to improve the sharpness of the particle images.