Fire hazard modulation by long-term dynamics in land cover and dominant forest type in eastern and central Europe

被引：52

作者：

Feurdean, Angelica ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

Vanniere, Boris ^{[4
,5
]}

Finsinger, Walter ^{[6
]}

Warren, Dan ^{[1
]}

Connor, Simon C. ^{[4
,5
]}

Forrest, Matthew ^{[1
]}

Liakka, Johan ^{[7
]}

Panait, Andrei ^{[3
]}

Werner, Christian ^{[1
,8
]}

Andric, Maja ^{[9
]}

Bobek, Premysl ^{[10
]}

Carter, Vachel A. ^{[11
]}

Davis, Basil ^{[12
]}

Diaconu, Andrei-Cosmin ^{[3
]}

Dietze, Elisabeth ^{[13
,14
]}

Feeser, Ingo ^{[15
]}

Florescu, Gabriela ^{[3
,11
]}

Galka, Mariusz ^{[16
]}

Giesecke, Thomas ^{[17
]}

Jahns, Susanne ^{[18
]}

Jamrichova, Eva ^{[10
]}

Kajukalo, Katarzyna ^{[19
,39
]}

Kaplan, Jed ^{[20
]}

Karpinska-Kolaczek, Monika ^{[19
]}

Kolaczek, Piotr ^{[19
]}

Kunes, Petr ^{[11
]}

Kupriyanov, Dimitry ^{[21
]}

Lamentowicz, Mariusz ^{[19
]}

Lemmen, Carsten ^{[22
]}

Magyari, Eniko K. ^{[23
]}

Marcisz, Katarzyna ^{[19
]}

Marinova, Elena ^{[24
]}

Niamir, Aidin ^{[1
]}

Novenko, Elena ^{[21
,25
]}

Obremska, Milena ^{[26
]}

Pedziszewska, Anna ^{[27
]}

Pfeiffer, Mirjam ^{[1
]}

Poska, Anneli ^{[28
,29
]}

Roesch, Manfred ^{[30
]}

Slowinski, Michal ^{[31
]}

Stancikaite, Migle ^{[32
]}

Szal, Marta ^{[33
]}

Swieta-Musznicka, Joanna ^{[27
]}

Tantau, Ioan ^{[3
]}

Theuerkauf, Martin ^{[34
]}

Tonkov, Spassimir ^{[35
]}

Valko, Orsolya ^{[36
]}

Vassiljev, Juri ^{[28
]}

Veski, Siim ^{[28
]}

Vincze, Ildiko ^{[23
]}

机构：

[1] Senckenberg Biodivers & Climate Res Ctr BiK F, Senckenberganlage 25, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany

[2] Goethe Univ, Inst Phys Geog, Altenhoferallee 1, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany

[3] Babes Bolyai Univ, Dept Geol, Kogalniceanu 1, Cluj Napoca 400084, Romania

[4] Univ Bourgogne Franche Comte, CNRS Chronoenvironm UMR 6249, F-25000 Besancon, France

[5] Univ Bourgogne Franche Comte, MSHE USR 3124, F-25000 Besancon, France

[6] Univ Montpellier, EPHE, CNRS, ISEM,IRD, Montpellier, France

[7] Nansen Environm & Remote Sensing Ctr, Bjerknes Ctr Climate Res, Thormohlensgate 47, N-5006 Bergen, Norway

[8] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Meteorol & Climate Res, Kreuzeckbahnstr 19, D-82467 Garmisch Partenkirchen, Germany

[9] ZRC SAZU, Inst Archaeol, Novi Trg 2, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia

[10] Czech Acad Sci, Lab Paleoecol, Inst Bot, Lidicka 25-27, Brno 60200, Czech Republic

[11] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Sci, Dept Bot, Benatska 2, Prague 12801, Czech Republic

[12] Univ Lausanne, Inst Earth Surface Dynam, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland

[13] GFZ German Res Ctr Geosci, Organ Geochem, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany

[14] Helmholtz Ctr Polar & Marine Res Potsdam, Alfred Wegener Inst, Polar Terr Environm Syst Grp, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany

[15] Univ Kiel, Inst Pre & Protohist Archaeol, Johanna Mestorf Str 2-6, D-24118 Kiel, Germany

[16] Univ Lodz, Fac Biol & Environm Protect, Dept Geobot & Plant Ecol, Banacha 12-16, PL-90237 Lodz, Poland

[17] Univ Utrecht, Fac Geosci, Dept Phys Geog, POB 80115, NL-3508 TC Utrecht, Netherlands

[18] Heritage Management & Archaeol Museum State Brand, Wunsdorfer Pl 4-5, D-15806 Zossen, Germany

[19] Adam Mickiewicz Univ, Lab Climate Change Ecol, Krygowskiego 10, PL-61680 Poznan, Poland

[20] Augsburg Univ, Inst Geog, Alter Postweg 118, D-86159 Augsburg, Germany

[21] Lomonosov Moscow State Univ, Fac Geog, Leninskie Gory 1, Moscow 119991, Russia

[22] Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht, Inst Coastal Res, D-21502 Geesthacht, Germany

[23] Eotvos Lorand Univ, Dept Environm & Landscape Geog, Res Grp Paleontol, Pazmany Peter Stny 1-C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary

[24] State Off Cultural Heritage Baden Wfirttemberg Re, Lab Archaeobot, Fischersteig 9, D-78343 Gaienhofen Hemmenhofen, Germany

[25] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Geog, Dept Quaternary Res, Staromonetny Lane 29, Moscow 119017, Russia

[26] Polish Acad Sci, Inst Geol Sci, Twarda 51-55, PL-00818 Warsaw, Poland

[27] Univ Gdansk, Fac Biol, Dept Plant Ecol, Lab Palaeoecol & Archaeobot, Ul Wita Stwosza 59, PL-80308 Gdansk, Poland

[28] Tallinn Univ Technol, Dept Geol, Ehitajate Tee 5, EE-19086 Tallinn, Estonia

[29] Lund Univ, Dept Phys Geog & Ecosyst Sci, Solvegatan 12, S-22362 Lund, Sweden

[30] Heidelberg Univ, Inst Ur & Fruhgeschichte & Vorderasiat Archaol, Sandgasse 7, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany

[31] Polish Acad Sci, Past Landscape Dynam Lab, Inst Geog & Spatial Org, Twarda 51-55, PL-00818 Warsaw, Poland

[32] Nat Res Ctr, Inst Geol & Geog, Akad Str 2, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania

[33] Univ Bialystok, Inst Biol, Dept Paleobot, Ciolkowskiego 1J, PL-15245 Bialystok, Poland

[34] Univ Greifswald, Inst Bot & Landscape Ecol, Soldmannstr 15, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany

[35] Sofia Univ St Kliment Ohridski, Fac Biol, Lab Palynol, Dragan Tsankov 8, Sofia 1164, Bulgaria

[36] Ctr Ecol Res, Inst Ecol & Bot, MTA OK Lendulet Seed Ecol Res Grp, Alkotmany Str 2-4, H-2163 Vacratot, Hungary

[37] Polish Acad Sci, W Szafer Inst Bot, Lubicz 46, PL-31512 Krakow, Poland

[38] Inrap, Lab Archeobot, Direct Grand Est, 12 Rue Meric, F-57063 Metz, France

[39] Univ Bern, Inst Plant Sci, Altenbergrain 21, CH-3013 Bern, Switzerland

来源：

BIOGEOSCIENCES | 2020年 / 17卷 / 04期

关键词：

CHARCOAL RECORDS; KA BP; CLIMATE; VEGETATION; MODEL; REGIMES; SEDIMENTARY; MANAGEMENT; SUMMER; IMPACT;

D O I：

10.5194/bg-17-1213-2020

中图分类号：

Q14 [生态学（生物生态学）];

学科分类号：

071012 ; 0713 ;

摘要：

Wildfire occurrence is influenced by climate, vegetation and human activities. A key challenge for understanding the risk of fires is quantifying the mediating effect of vegetation on fire regimes. Here, we explore the relative importance of Holocene land cover, land use, dominant functional forest type, and climate dynamics on biomass burning in temperate and boreo-nemoral regions of central and eastern Europe over the past 12 kyr. We used an extensive data set of Holocene pollen and sedimentary charcoal records, in combination with climate simulations and statistical modelling. Biomass burning was highest during the early Holocene and lowest during the mid-Holocene in all three ecoregions (Atlantic, continental and boreo-nemoral) but was more spatially variable over the past 3-4 kyr. Although climate explained a significant variance in biomass burning during the early Holocene, tree cover was consistently the highest predictor of past biomass burning over the past 8 kyr. In temperate forests, biomass burning was high at similar to 45% tree cover and decreased to a minimum at between 60% and 70% tree cover. In needleleaf-dominated forests, biomass burning was highest at similar to 60 %-65% tree cover and steeply declined at > 65% tree cover. Biomass burning also increased when arable lands and grasslands reached similar to 15 %-20 %, although this relationship was variable depending on land use practice via ignition sources, fuel type and quantities. Higher tree cover reduced the amount of solar radiation reaching the forest floor and could provide moister, more wind-protected microclimates underneath canopies, thereby decreasing fuel flammability. Tree cover at which biomass burning increased appears to be driven by warmer and drier summer conditions during the early Holocene and by increasing human influence on land cover during the late Holocene. We suggest that long-term fire hazard may be effectively reduced through land cover management, given that land cover has controlled fire regimes under the dynamic climates of the Holocene.

引用

页码：1213 / 1230

页数：18

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