Electrochemical Sensors in the Development of Selective Methods for Antiepileptic Drugs Determination

The measurement of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in different samples has received considerable attention due to the direct correlation between clinical effects and plasma concentration. Numerous methods have been extensively applied to the analysis of AEDs since many years ago providing reliable and accurate results. This paper provides an overview of electrochemical techniques used for the analysis of different AEDs. More than sixty papers from refereed analytical chemistry journals on the analysis of AEDs in pharmaceutical formulations and biological samples are included. The present review shows the development of novel measurement electrochemical based on the use of different types of electrodes including mercury electrodes, screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) and electrodes modified with metal films and nanoparticles. Electrochemical biosensors and immunosensors developed for the analysis of AEDs have been also reviewed.