Wideband direction-of-arrival estimation and beamforming for smart antennas system

This paper summarizes the smart antennas approaches and presents the methods for wideband direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation and wideband beamforming. For wideband DOA estimation, we focus on spectral-based methods using arbitrary antenna array. For wideband beamforming, time-domain processing and frequency-domain processing methods, which produce frequency-invariant beam response over wide signal bandwidth, are introduced. The method for design of wideband beamforming using spatial interpolation, which can reduce number of array elements and prescribe beam-pattern, will be also presented.