WSN based Automatic Irrigation and Security System using Raspberry Pi Board

In India, a large number of population depend upon agriculture for their livelihood. The ground water levels have come down drastically due to decrease in rainfall and increase in global warming. In the conventional irrigation techniques, farmer has to go to the field regularly for checking the condition of the crops and for watering it. With the improvements in digital and communication technologies, automatic irrigation systems have come into existence. In this paper, a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) based Automatic Irrigation and Security System using Raspberry Pi is implemented. In the proposed system, Raspberry Pi is used as a Coordinator node (CR node), Arduino as End node device, and nRF24L01 transceiver is used for wireless communication and data transfer between the CR node and end node. Each Arduino node collects the various sensor inputs such as soil moisture, temperature, PIR sensor status sends them wirelessly to Raspberry Pi. Based on the sensor parameters and soil status, the water pump is turned on and the various sensor node values are posted on the webpage using Raspberry Pi web server. Farmer can monitor the status of the field on the webpage. Also, there is an option to turn ON/OFF the water pump manually from the webpage. The PIR sensor and a buzzer are used to protect the crop from the cattle entering the field. The system can reduce the water consumption and wastage of water to the crop. It results in increasing yield and more profit to the farmer.