A forward-backward sweep based numerical approach for active power loss allocation of radial distribution network with distributed generations

In this paper, a new active power loss allocation (LA) technique is proposed for allocation of network losses among its participants in a deregulated power environment. This method employs a forward-backward sweep (FBS) based numerical technique for system load flow (LF) and power loss calculation with/without distributed generators (DGs). The complexity lying with the decomposition of cross-term of power loss equation has been simplified mathematically, without any assumptions and approximations. The proposed LA establishes a direct relationship between two end voltages of a branch and its subsequent node currents in terms of node injected complex powers. It assigns losses to the end-users with due consideration to their load demands and geographical locations. The penetration of DGs may increase/decrease loss of a power distribution network. In order to provide justice to the DG owners, this paper proposes a new DG remuneration technique, which assigns either incentives/penalties to the DG units after analyzing their exact impact toward network loss reduction/enhancement, without diverting any part toward the consumers' side compared to other established methods. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is investigated using a 33-bus test system considering: various load levels, several DG capacities and different types of DG power injections. The results obtained highlight the efficiency and applicability of the present approach as compared to other established techniques.