[1] Kyoto Univ Hlth Serv, Kyoto, Japan
[2] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Med, Ctr Med Educ, Kyoto, Japan
[3] Univ Arizona, Coll Med, Sarver Heart Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA
[4] Osaka Saiseikai Senri Hosp, Senri Crit Care Med Ctr, Suita, Osaka, Japan
[5] Osaka Prefectural Senshu Crit Care Med Ctr, Izumisano, Japan
[6] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Med, Dept Traumatol & Acute Crit Med, Suita, Osaka, Japan
[7] Kyoto Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Kyoto, Japan
[8] Yukioka Hosp, Osaka, Japan
[9] Tokai Univ Hachioji Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan
[10] Juntendo Univ, Sch Med, Dept Clin Pharmacol, Tokyo 113, Japan
[11] Natl Cardiovasc Ctr, Div Cardiol, Suita, Osaka 565, Japan