HYPERREALISM IN THE CONTEXT OF THE CONTEMPORARY ART PARADIGM

Hyperrealism is not a relevant innovation in contemporary visual arts. At the same time, the interest in its poetic and stylistic features by painters, graphic artists and sculptors is very great even today. It would be no exaggeration to say that hyperrealism in recent years has become a real topical trend in art. Interest in the style of photorealism grew in the second half of the 1960s. The photorealism painting was based on a near-photographic copy of reality, on creating a convincing illusion of reality. Artists perceived a photograph as a second nature which may become the basis for creating paintings. In the early 70's of the last century, along with the term photo-realism the term hyper-realism became popular. For a long time these terms were used simultaneously, seeing no difference between them. But a new boom of hyper-realism in the art of the 1990s and early 2000s, raised the question about the necessity to clarifi the difference between these terms. It became necessary to separate these terms and thus to distinguish photorealism as creativity of American and European artists of the 1970s and hyperrealism as a trend in the art of 1990 - the beginning of the 2000s. It is clear that in the hyperrealism, photorealism as in the main reception is a visual simulation of reality. But in photorealism it is only an element of artistic technique, focused on the use of certain equipment, on the passive reality representation. In turn, in the hyperrealism similar artistic technologies are used more for aesthetic purposes and are aimed at creating an appropriate imagery. Hyperrealism in its present form does not seek to literally copy daily reality. Moreover, hyper-realistic works today do not aim to replicate the photo and some are even not written from photo. Contemporary artists often intentionally invent unrealistic motives, subjects, or colour situations with the goal to distinguish their work from a more primitive, in their opinion, photorealism. Today hyperrealism language covers the vast majority of areas of everyday life, and does not know thematic, plot and genre boundaries. Of course, artistic experience of hyperrealism was in demand by postmodernism, as a number of hyperrealism techniques have become an integral part ofpost-modern artistic language. Despite the fact that hyperrealism as a style largely was invented for the sole purpose to show the level of technical skill of the artist, now it is increasingly talked about as showing the presence of a particular concept. Compared to photorealism of the 70s, contemporary hyper-realistic works manifested the experiment more expressively, which is primarily concerned with the development of the most advanced technologies. A special place among the paintings and drawings made in the style of hyper-realism is taken by a portrait, still life, landscape. In hyper-realistic landscapes, the problems of excessive urbanization of the environment, environmental destruction are often raised. Another subject no less in demand - Animals. Popular destinations in graphic arts are hyper-realistic portraits that are depicted in pencil, charcoal, pastel and even a ballpoint. Many representatives of hyperrealism learn the basics of classical painting and drawing at various Art Academies, but in this area there are a lot of self-taught artists.