Inner Ear Hearing Loss Part II: Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss, Therapeutic Options

被引:1
|
作者
Hesse, Gerhard [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Witten Herdecke, Tinnitus Klin KH Bad Arolsen, Grosse Allee 50, D-34454 Bad Arolsen, Germany
关键词
Horsturz; plotzlicher sensorineuraler Horverlust; intratympanale Kortisontherapie; Horgerateversorgung; Hortherapie; inner ear hearing loss; sudden sensorineural hearing loss; intratympanic cortison therapy; hearing aids; audiotherapy; HYPERBARIC-OXYGEN THERAPY; PROGNOSTIC-FACTORS; INTRATYMPANIC DEXAMETHASONE; CORTICOSTEROID TREATMENT; BENEFIT; BLIND; TERM; AIDS;
D O I
10.1055/s-0042-108379
中图分类号
R76 [耳鼻咽喉科学];
学科分类号
100213 ;
摘要
Zusammenfasssung Der uberaus gro ss te Anteil von Horstorungen beruht auf Schadigungen des Innenohres, in aller Regel Schaden der au ss eren Haarzellen, die durch verschiedene Ursachen entstehen konnen, wie im ersten Teil dieser ubersicht dargelegt worden ist. Haufig treten jedoch Horminderungen plotzlich, als,,Horsturz auf. Sie sind dann zumeist einseitig, bessern sich oft spontan und sollten therapeutisch angegangen werden, da im Akutstadium durchaus medikamentose therapeutische Optionen bestehen. Dagegen sind chronische Innenohrschwerhorigkeiten nicht kurativ zu behandeln, eine wirksame Therapie der langer bestehenden Innenohrschwerhorigkeit ist nach wie vor nur rehabilitativ moglich, da bei allen Saugetieren und damit auch dem Menschen die Strukturen des Innenohres insgesamt, insbesondere die Haarzellen, nicht regenerationsfahig sind. Medikamente oder andere Verfahren zur Regeneration defekter Haarzellen sind nicht verfugbar, eine potentielle Gentherapie noch nicht einsetzbar. Daher soll im zweiten Teil der ubersicht auf die spezielle Situation beim Horsturz und allgemeine Therapiemoglichkeiten eingegangen werden. Abstract The great majority of hearing disorders generates from pathologies in the inner ear, mainly the outer hair cells, as mentioned in the first part of this review. Very often, however, hearing loss appears suddenly and even without external causes like noise exposure. This sudden hearing loss is mostly unilateral, recovers very often spontaneously and should be treated, if persisting. Only in this acute stage there are therapeutic options available. If the inner ear hearing loss is chronic there is no curative therapy, an effective management of the hearing disorder is only possible through rehabilitation. This is due to the fact, that hair cells of all mammals, incl. humans, have no regenerative capacity and neither pharmaceutic agents nor other means can induce regeneration and recovery of hair cells. Even a gen-therapy is not available yet. In the second part of this review the main focus lies in sudden hearing loss and general therapeutic options for inner ear hearing loss.
引用
收藏
页码:461 / 469
页数:9
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