Dissipation behavior and risk assessment of butralin in soybean and soil under field conditions

Dissipation behavior, final residue, and risk assessment of butralin in soybean, green soybean, plant, and soil were investigated. Butralin residues were extracted with acetonitrile and then soybean samples were detected with gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) and soil samples were determined with GC with nitrogen phosphorous detector (GC-NPD). The limit of quantification (LOQ) of the method was 0.01 mg/kg for soybean, green soybean, plant, and soil. Average recoveries ranged from 90.4 +/- 98.2% for green soybean, 86.2 +/- 86.6% for soybean, 86.0 +/- 98.8% for plant, and 85.0 +/- 106.8% for soil. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) were 2.0 +/- 7.2% for green soybean, 2.0 +/- 3.0% for soybean, 3.1 +/- 8.1% for plant, and 1.8 +/- 6.6% for soil. Half-lives of butralin in soil samples varied in the range of 11-22 days. At harvest time, final residues of butralin in soybean and green soybean were lower than LOQ. Risk assessment demonstrated that, at recommended dosage and frequency, butralin would not induce significant harm on humans. The study could be used as a quantitative basis for application of butralin on soybean.