Influence of 3d-elements on dielectric properties of BaTiO3 ceramics

The microstructure and dielectric properties of Yb-Mn- and Yb-Ni-substituted BaTiO3 ceramics are investigated in this paper. Both Yb-Mn- and Yb-Ni-substituted BaTiO3 ceramics satisfy the X8R specification (-55 degrees C to 150 degrees C, Delta C = +/- 15% or less) for automotive application when CaZrO3 is incorporated in the formulations. It is found that both Mn and Ni ions can suppress the diffusion of Yb and CaZrO3 into BaTiO3 grains, resulting in formation of core-shell structures in the grains. It is found that Mn is more favorable to stabilize the core-shell structure in BaTiO3 ceramics as compared with Ni. (C) 2005 Springer Science + Business Media, Inc.