The Heilongjiang (Amur) River in Sino-Russian relations: from conflict towards cooperation

The Heilongjiang River has played the role of wind vane and barometer in the long history of Sino-Russian relations. From the seventeenth century, as a focus of disputes and conflicts, it has evolved to the present-day mutually beneficial cooperation between China and Russia. The current status of Sino-Russian interactions over the Heilongjiang River is basically cooperation due to the continuous improvement of bilateral relations. In the context of the Belt and Road Initiative, cooperation over the Heilongjiang River will provide an impetus to further deepen Sino-Russian relations.