In situ-templated hydrothermal synthesis of Fe-doped anatase nanorods

Anatase single crystal nanorods with aspect ratios of 4-10 and diameters of 70-100 nm were prepared by hydrothermal treatment of tetraethylammonium hydroxide peptized titania sol doped with Fe(III) cations at 200 degrees\C. Two types of iron sources were used as dopants: (i) Fe(NO3)(3), which could form alpha-FeOOH during the hydrothermal synthesis; (ii) hydrothermally synthesized ot-FeOOH. The formation of anatase nanorods in the Fe3+ doped titania could be attributed to porous goethite (alpha-FeOOH) rods formed during the hydrothermal treatment. The in situ formed ot-FeOOH template could lead to well dispersed anatase nanorod crystals in contrast to the strongly agglomerated rods obtained when adding as-synthesized ot-FeOOH. The templates do not need to be removed since a solid solution forms between the Fe ions and anatase during hydrothermal treatment. (C) 2004 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.