Top-emitting Organic/Polymer light-emitting devices

The rapid development of top-emitting organic/polymer light-emitting devices in the past decades has exhibited a promising prospect in commercial application. Top-emitting devices have several technical merits for application in active-matrix flat-panel display compared with traditional bottom-emitting devices. The realization of the high-performance top-emitting devices relies on two major prerequisites which are the exploitation of novel electron injection materials or novel hole injection materials, and the optimization of the device structure. Beginning with the improvement of the electrode modification, which has been proved to be an effective way to enhance their performances, recent progress in top-emitting devices is reviewed. Potential applications and scientific problems in this field are also discussed.