A Fault-Tolerant Topology Control Algorithm Base on Optimally Rigid Graph in 3-Dimensional Wireless Sensor Networks

This paper describes an optimization scheme of 3-dimensional wireless sensor networks for topology control. Motivated by the optimal rigid graph, we propose a 3-dimensional optimally rigid topology (3DORT) to reduce the average node degree and lower the energy consumption. In the paper, we analytically prove several important properties for 3DORT: 1) the topology built by 3DORT is 3-connected; 2) the average node degree in the resulting topology is approximated to 6; 3) the resulting topology is sparse; and 4) the topology derived by 3DORT avoids the bottleneck nodes which undertake more task of relaying the packets. Simulation results further show that our proposal 3DORT can improve the network performances, such as reducing the energy consumption, limiting node degree, as well as strengthening the network connectivity.