Application of 3D printing technology in endophytic reninoma: A case report and literature review

Background: A reninoma is a rare benign renal tumor that leads to secondary aldosteronism, secondary hypertension, and hypokalemia due to excessive renin secretion. Case presentation: We report a case of a patient presenting with typical endophytic reninoma and describe her diagnosis and treatment. Following 3D reconstruction from computed tomography images combined with pre-operative planning via 3D printing technology, partial nephrectomy was performed; the scope of resection was accurately evaluated to achieve precise tumor excision. After surgery, the patient's plasma renin and aldosterone levels decreased rapidly; her serum potassium level normalized 1 week later, and her blood pressure also gradually returned to nonnal. Discussion and conclusion: Our objective is to highlight the diagnostic evaluation for reninoma. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report to demonstrate the advantages of 3D printing technology for endophytic reninoma resection.