When preparing new topics for teaching, it is important to identify their central aspects. Sets of fundamental ideas, great principles or big ideas have already been described for several parts of computer science. Yet, existing catalogs of ideas, principles and concepts of computer science only consider the field data management marginally. However, we assume that several concepts of data management are fundamental to CS and, despite the significant changes in this field in recent years, have long-term relevance. In order to provide a comprehensive overview of the key concepts of data management and to bring relevant parts of this field to school, we describe and use an empirical approach to determine such central aspects systematically. This results in a model of key concepts of data management. On the basis of examples, we show how the model can be interpreted and used in different contexts and settings.