The Cyber Dimension of the Russia-Ukraine War

The cyber dimension to the Russia-Ukraine war has been extensive. It reveals the characteristics of modern cyber conflict between well-matched states. While its predominant component has been a massive online 'information' battle for hearts and minds, comprehensibly amplified by private cyber-vigilante individuals and groups, it has also involved a large and concerted Russian campaign to disrupt Ukrainian critical infrastructure. This has been largely blunted by the soundness of Ukrainian cyber security, bolstered by Western assistance. Nevertheless, the risk remains that the cyber conflict could escalate beyond cyberspace to a more widespread confrontation between Russia and NATO. The chances of this happening are increased by uncertainty over the true nature of cyber operations, their responsible use, and especially how international law applies to them, making the efforts of states to address these issues urgently needed.