Multipurpose Energetic Materials by Shuffling Nitro Groups on a 3,3′-Bipyrazole Moiety

被引:55
|
作者
Kumar, Dheeraj [1 ,2 ]
Tang, Yongxing [1 ]
He, Chunlin [1 ]
Imler, Gregory H. [3 ]
Parrish, Damon A. [3 ]
Shreeve, Jean'ne M. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA
[2] IIT Kanpur, Dept Chem, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India
[3] Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA
关键词
detonation; energetic material; heat-resistant explosive; nitroazoles; primary explosives; pyrazole; DERIVATIVES; OXIDIZER; DENSITY; SALTS;
D O I
10.1002/chem.201804418
中图分类号
O6 [化学];
学科分类号
0703 ;
摘要
A family of 3,3 '-bipyrazole-based energetic compounds having C-NO2/N-NO2 functionalities was synthesized by using various nitrating conditions. These nitro derivatives of bipyrazole are significantly more dense and energetic compared to the corresponding nitropyrazole analogues while maintaining the desired thermal stability and sensitivity. Depending on the number and nature of energetic nitro groups (C-NO2/N-NO2), different classes of energetic materials, such as green primary explosives, high-performance secondary explosives and heat-resistant explosives, were obtained. All the compounds were thoroughly characterized by IR, NMR [H-1, C-13{H-1}, N-15], elemental analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Four were also structurally characterized with single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. Heats of formation and detonation performance were calculated using Gaussian 03 and EXPLO5 v6.01 programs, respectively.
引用
收藏
页码:17220 / 17224
页数:5
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