Be ITER-like wall at the JET tokamak under plasma

被引：4

作者：

Tsavalas, P. ^{[1
,2
,75
]}

Lagoyannis, A. ^{[3
]}

Mergia, K. ^{[1
,75
]}

Rubel, M. ^{[4
,46
]}

Triantou, K. ^{[1
]}

Harissopulos, S. ^{[3
]}

Kokkoris, M. ^{[2
]}

Petersson, P. ^{[4
,46
]}

Abduallev, S. ^{[43
]}

Abhangi, M. ^{[50
]}

Abreu, P. ^{[57
]}

Afzal, M. ^{[11
]}

Aggarwal, K. M. ^{[33
]}

Ahlgren, T. ^{[105
]}

Ahn, J. H. ^{[12
]}

Aho-Mantila, L. ^{[115
]}

Aiba, N. ^{[73
]}

Airila, M. ^{[115
]}

Albanese, R. ^{[108
]}

Aldred, V. ^{[11
]}

Alegre, D. ^{[97
]}

Alessi, E. ^{[49
]}

Aleynikov, P. ^{[59
]}

Alfier, A. ^{[16
]}

Alkseev, A. ^{[76
]}

Allinson, M. ^{[11
]}

Alper, B. ^{[11
]}

Alves, E. ^{[57
]}

Ambrosino, G. ^{[108
]}

Ambrosino, R. ^{[109
]}

Amicucci, L. ^{[94
]}

Amosov, V. ^{[92
]}

Sunden, E. Andersson ^{[26
]}

Angelone, M. ^{[94
]}

Anghel, M. ^{[89
]}

Angioni, C. ^{[66
]}

Appel, L. ^{[11
]}

Appelbee, C. ^{[11
]}

Arena, P. ^{[34
]}

Ariola, M. ^{[109
]}

Arnichand, H. ^{[12
]}

Arshad, S. ^{[45
]}

Ash, A. ^{[11
]}

Ashikawa, N. ^{[72
]}

Aslanyan, V. ^{[68
]}

Asunta, O. ^{[5
]}

Auriemma, F. ^{[16
]}

Austin, Y. ^{[11
]}

Avotina, L. ^{[107
]}

Axton, M. D. ^{[11
]}

机构：

[1] Natl Ctr Sci Res Demokritos, Inst Nucl & Radiol Sci & Technol Energy & Safety, Athens 15310, Greece

[2] Natl Tech Univ Athens, Dept Phys, Zografou Campus, Athens, Greece

[3] Natl Ctr Sci Res Demokritos, Inst Nucl & Particle Phys, Athens 15310, Greece

[4] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Fus Plasma Phys, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden

[5] Aalto Univ, POB 14100, FIN-00076 Aalto, Finland

[6] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Ctr Marseille, M2P2 UMR 7340, F-13451 Marseille, France

[7] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IUSTI UMR 7343, F-13013 Marseille, France

[8] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, PIIM, UMR 7345, F-13013 Marseille, France

[9] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ USA

[10] Barcelona Supercomp Ctr, Barcelona, Spain

[11] CCFE Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England

[12] CEA, IRFM, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France

[13] Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Energy Res, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA

[14] Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, Rua Xavier Sigaud 160, BR-22290180 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil

[15] Consorzio CREATE, Via Claudio 21, I-80125 Naples, Italy

[16] Consorzio RFX, Corso Stati Uniti 4, I-35127 Padua, Italy

[17] Daegu Univ, Gyongsan 712174, Gyeongbuk, South Korea

[18] Univ Carlos III Madrid, Dept Fis, Madrid 28911, Spain

[19] Univ Ghent, Dept Appl Phys UG, St Pietersnieuwstr 41, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium

[20] Chalmers Univ Technol, Dept Earth & Space Sci, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden

[21] Univ Cagliari, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, Piazza Armi 09123, Cagliari, Italy

[22] Comenius Univ, Dept Expt Phys, Fac Math Phys & Informat, Mlynska Dolina F2, Bratislava 84248, Slovakia

[23] Warsaw Univ Technol, Dept Mat Sci, PL-01152 Warsaw, Poland

[24] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Nucl & Quantum Engn, Daejeon 34141, South Korea

[25] Univ Strathclyde, Dept Phys & Appl Phys, Glasgow G4 ONG, Lanark, Scotland

[26] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden

[27] Chalmers Univ Technol, Dept Phys, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden

[28] Imperial Coll London, Dept Phys, London SW7 2AZ, England

[29] KTH, SCI, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden

[30] Univ Basel, Dept Phys, Basel, Switzerland

[31] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 2JD, England

[32] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England

[33] Queens Univ, Dept Pure & Appl Phys, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland

[34] Univ Catania, Dipartimento Ingn Elettr Elettron & Informat, I-95125 Catania, Italy

[35] Univ Trento, Dipartimento Ingn Ind, Trento, Italy

[36] Dublin City Univ, Dublin, Ireland

[37] Swiss Plasma Ctr, EPFL, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland

[38] EUROfus Programme Management Unit, Boltzmannstr 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany

[39] Culham Sci Ctr, EUROfus Programme Management Unit, Culham OX14 3DB, England

[40] European Commiss, B-1049 Brussels, Belgium

[41] ULB, Fluid & Plasma Dynam, Campus Plaine CP 231 Blvd Triomphe, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium

[42] FOM Inst DIFFER, Eindhoven, Netherlands

[43] Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH, Inst Energie & Klimaforsch Plasmaphys, D-52425 Julich, Germany

[44] Fourth State Res, 503 Lockhart Dr, Austin, TX USA

[45] Fus Energy Joint Undertaking, Josep Pl 2,Torres Diagonal Litoral B3, Barcelona 08019, Spain

[46] KTH, Fusion Plasma Phys, EES, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden

[47] Gen Atom, POB 85608, San Diego, CA 92186 USA

[48] HRS Fusion, W Orange, NJ USA

[49] IFP CNR, Via R Cozzi 53, I-20125 Milan, Italy

[50] Inst Plasma Res, Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India

来源：

PHYSICA SCRIPTA | 2017年 / T170卷

关键词：

beryllium; JET tokamak; ITER like wall; plasma; nuclear reaction analysis; erosiond-eposition; FUEL INVENTORY; BERYLLIUM; CODEPOSITION; EROSION;

D O I：

10.1088/1402-4896/aa8ff4

中图分类号：

O4 [物理学];

学科分类号：

0702 ;

摘要：

The JET tokamak is operated with beryllium and tungsten plasma-facing components to prepare for the exploitation of ITER. To determine beryllium erosion and migration in JET a set of markers were installed. Specimens from different beryllium marker tiles of the main wall of the ITER-like wall (ILW) JET tokamak from the first and the second D-D campaign were analyzed with nuclear reaction analysis, x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction (XRD). Emphasis was on the determination of carbon plasma impurities deposited on beryllium surfaces. The C-12(d, p(0))C-13 reaction was used to quantify carbon deposition and to determine depth profiles. Carbon quantities on the surface of the Be tiles are low, varying from (0.35 +/- 0.07) x 10(17) to (11.8 +/- 0.6) x 10(17) at cm(-2) in the deposition depth from 0.4 to 6.7 mu m, respectively. In the 0.4-0.5 mm wide grooves of castellation sides the carbon content is found up to (14.3 +/- 2.5) x 10(17) at cm(-2) while it is higher (up to (38 +/- 4) x 10(17) at cm(-2)) in wider gaps (0.8 mm) separating tile segments. Oxygen (O), titanium (Ti), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni) and tungsten (W) were detected in all samples exposed to plasma and the reference one but at lower quantities at the latter. In the central part of the Inner Wall Guard Limiter from the first ILW campaign and in the Outer Poloidal Limiter from the second ILW campaign the Ni interlayer has been completely eroded. XRD shows the formation of BeNi in most specimens.

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