Characteristics and treatment of patients with epistaxis over the last 5 years in Guangzhou

Background: Epistaxis is one of the most common emergencies in the department of otolaryngology, which gives a burden to the health care system. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the patients' characteristics of hospital admission with epistaxis and provide an optimized protocol. Methods: This study was a retrospective analysis of patients with epistaxis admitted to The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou, China. The data were analyzed in terms of gender, age, seasonal differences, length and expenses of hospitalization, pathogenesis of epistaxis, primary medical management before hospital admission, bleeding sites, and treatment. Results: A total of 387 patients were included, which consisted of 270 males and 117 females with an average of 43 years. Most patients could be identified with underlying diseases, and the most commonly observed bleeding site was Little area (n = 164). Most patients received electrocauterization as a precision medical treatment (n = 288). The duration of hospitalization length ranged from a mean of 5.17-4.48 days, and the expenses of hospitalization ranged from a mean of RMB 4881-4951 yuan over the last 5 years. Conclusion: Most patients with epistaxis could be treated as outpatients by endoscopic electrocauterization, and hospitalization is indicated when patients need improvement of poor general condition, posterior packing, embolization, or surgery. This study enables to provide an optimized protocol for patient with epistaxis.