The objective of this paper is to make a critique of the socialism of the 21st century proposals promoted by Heinz Dieterich (2008), specifically to study how it has been applied in the Venezuelan case and the resulting crisis. The socialism of the 21st century in the relation of the principles of the classics of traditional Marxism, which limits the action of the market and attempts against private property. In the Venezuelan case, through a policy of controls, asphyxiation to the market and expropriations of companies, followed by a series of social policies for clients, has produced the consequent debacle of the national economy in order to maintain a dome in power. Resort to liberal economic theory, demonstrating the failure and non-viability of the socialist model. To analyze the process, the analytical-synthetic method was used through a bibliographic review. It is concluded that the real crisis is the natural consequence of a series of social policies, provided that the results are the same, inflation and threat of the freedom of the individuals because of the highest levels of authoritarianism.