Regional differences in HIV trends in The Gambia: results from sentinel surveillance among pregnant women

被引:0
|
作者
van der Loeff, MFS
Sarge-Njie, R
Ceesay, S
Awasana, AA
Jaye, P
Sam, O
Jaiteh, KO
Cubitt, D
Milligan, P
Whittle, HC
机构
[1] Univ London London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1E 7HT, England
[2] MRC Labs, Banjul, Gambia
[3] Inst Child Hlth, London, England
关键词
Africa; dried blood spot; HIV-1; HIV-2; pregnant women; risk factors; sentinel surveillance; The Gambia;
D O I
10.1097/01.aids.0000076303.76477.49
中图分类号
R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];
学科分类号
100102 ;
摘要
Objective: To monitor HIV-1 and HIV-2 trends in The Gambia, West Africa. Methods: In 1993-1995 a nationwide survey among 29 670 pregnant women attending eight antenatal clinics estimated the seroprevalence of HIV-1 at 0.6%, and of HIV-2 at 1.1%. Five years later, sentinel surveillance in pregnant women was established, using unlinked anonymous testing in four clinics. A dried blood spot on filter paper was obtained and tested for HIV antibodies. Results: Between May 2000 and August 2001, 8054 analysable samples were collected at four sites. The prevalence of HIV-1 rose sharply in one rural area from 0.6 to 3.0% (P < 0.0001), but the increase was small and non-significant in two other rural sites and in the urban site. The prevalence of HIV-2 did not change significantly at any of the sites. The overall prevalence of HIV-1 was 1.0% [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.8-1.3%], and of HIV-2 0.8% (CI 0.6-1.0%). Site, nationality and higher age were significantly associated with HIV-1 infection, and higher parity and site were significantly associated with HIV-2 infection. Conclusion: Fifteen years after the first case of HIV-1 was described in The Gambia, the epidemic is still at a low level. There is heterogeneity within the country, with one rural area experiencing a fivefold increase in 6 years. The prevalence of HIV-2 in The Gambia is stable. (C) 2003 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
引用
收藏
页码:1841 / 1846
页数:6
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