Demand and Supply of Transport Connections for Commuting in the Czech Republic

The question of modal split or modal share for commuting is still very relevant topic in the studies of transport issues. This paper deals with evaluating of real demands for individual and public transport using for daily commuting between municipalities in the Czech Republic based on data from census 2011. Results discover a strong relationship between individual transport use and geographical location. The highest share of individual transport is in western areas and less populated municipalities. Concurrently the public transport supply is analysed based on data from the Database of public transport connections which has been developing by authors since 2007. Comparing evaluated transport demand and supply, all municipalities are divided into 12 categories. Various demographical (age, education, population) and geographical (altitude, area, distance to regional and national borders, x and y coordinates) factors including commuting time are studied and discussed in four most extreme groups. Typically small demand and small supply for public transport is correlated with high car ownership index, small number of residents, and closeness of regional borders (internal peripheries).