THE PSOAS MUSCLE INDEX AND RETROSPECTIVE CLINICAL FRAILTY SCALE SCORE PREDICT OVERALL SURVIVAL IN PATIENTS WITH MULTIPLE MYELOMA

Introduction: Using the retrospective Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) to assess frailty and the psoas muscle index (PMI) to determine sarcopenia status are new concepts. Since the cut-off values of the PMI differ by race, population-specific cut-offs are recommended. We aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of retrospective CFS scores and sarcopenia status determined by population-specific PMI cut-offs in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Materials and Method: We included 111 patients who met the inclusion criteria. The patients' PMIs were calculated by measuring the psoas muscle at the level of the L3 vertebra on CT images. The CFS scores of the patients were retrospectively determined. Results: While 46 (41.4%) of the patients had sarcopenia, 79 (72%) were frail. The median follow-up duration was 21.7 (1.51-74.97) months. The median overall survival was 42.3 months. The risk of death was significantly higher in patients with sarcopenia than in patients without sarcopenia (log-rank p=0.028, HR: 2.43, 95% CI: 1.02-5.77), and frailty significantly affected overall survival (HR: 3.28, 95% CI: 1.28-8.41, p=0.01). Conclusion: Sarcopenia is a common finding in patients with MM. Both retrospective CFS scores and sarcopenia status, as determined by the PMI, were significantly associated with overall survival in patients with MM.