Lotka-Volterra systems have been extensively studied by many authors, both in the autonomous and non-autonomous cases. In previous papers the time asymptotic behaviour as t --> infinity has been considered. In this paper we also consider the 'pullback' asymptotic behaviour which roughly corresponds to observing a system 'now' that has already been evolving for a long time. For a competitive system that is asymptotically autonomous both as t --> -infinity and as t --> +infinity we show that these two notions of asymptotic behaviour can be very different but are both important for a full understanding of the dynamics. In particular there are parameter ranges for which, although one species dies out as t --> infinity, there is a distinguished time-dependent coexistent state that is attracting in the pullback sense.
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China Univ Petr East China, Coll Sci, Qingdao 266580, Peoples R China
King Abdulaziz Univ, Dept Math, Nonlinear Anal & Appl Math NAAM Res Grp, Fac Sci, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaChina Univ Petr East China, Coll Sci, Qingdao 266580, Peoples R China
Jiang, Daqing
Zhang, Qiumei
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Changchun Univ, Sch Sci, Changchun 130022, Peoples R ChinaChina Univ Petr East China, Coll Sci, Qingdao 266580, Peoples R China
Zhang, Qiumei
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Hayat, Tasawar
Alsaedi, Ahmed
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King Abdulaziz Univ, Dept Math, Nonlinear Anal & Appl Math NAAM Res Grp, Fac Sci, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaChina Univ Petr East China, Coll Sci, Qingdao 266580, Peoples R China
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Yulin Normal Univ, Guangxi Univ, Sch Math & Informat Sci, Key Lab Complex Syst Optimizat & Big Data Proc, Yulin 537000, Guangxi, Peoples R ChinaYulin Normal Univ, Guangxi Univ, Sch Math & Informat Sci, Key Lab Complex Syst Optimizat & Big Data Proc, Yulin 537000, Guangxi, Peoples R China
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Hainan Normal Univ, Coll Math & Stat, Hainan 571158, Peoples R ChinaHainan Normal Univ, Coll Math & Stat, Hainan 571158, Peoples R China
Zu, Li
Jiang, Daqing
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China Univ Petr East China, Sch Sci, Qingdao 266580, Peoples R ChinaHainan Normal Univ, Coll Math & Stat, Hainan 571158, Peoples R China
Jiang, Daqing
O'Regan, Donal
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Natl Univ Ireland, Sch Math Stat & Appl Math, Galway, Ireland
King Abdulaziz Univ, Nonlinear Anal & Appl Math NAAM Res Grp, Jeddah 21413, Saudi ArabiaHainan Normal Univ, Coll Math & Stat, Hainan 571158, Peoples R China
O'Regan, Donal
Ge, Bin
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Harbin Engn Univ, Dept Appl Math, Harbin 150001, Peoples R ChinaHainan Normal Univ, Coll Math & Stat, Hainan 571158, Peoples R China
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Xinjiang Univ, Coll Math & Syst Sci, Urumqi 830046, Peoples R China
Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Dept Appl Math, Xian 710049, Peoples R ChinaXinjiang Univ, Coll Math & Syst Sci, Urumqi 830046, Peoples R China
Nie, Linfei
Teng, Zhidong
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Xinjiang Univ, Coll Math & Syst Sci, Urumqi 830046, Peoples R ChinaXinjiang Univ, Coll Math & Syst Sci, Urumqi 830046, Peoples R China
Teng, Zhidong
Hu, Lin
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Xinjiang Univ, Coll Math & Syst Sci, Urumqi 830046, Peoples R ChinaXinjiang Univ, Coll Math & Syst Sci, Urumqi 830046, Peoples R China
Hu, Lin
Peng, Jigen
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Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Inst Informat & Syst Sci, Res Ctr Appl Math, Xian 710049, Peoples R ChinaXinjiang Univ, Coll Math & Syst Sci, Urumqi 830046, Peoples R China