Meniere's Disease

被引:12
|
作者
Plontke, S. K. [1 ]
Guerkov, R. [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Halle Wittenberg, D-06120 Halle, Germany
[2] Kings Coll London, London WC2R 2LS, England
关键词
EVOKED MYOGENIC POTENTIALS; ENDOLYMPHATIC MASTOID SHUNT; GADOLINIUM CONTRAST AGENT; VESTIBULAR NERVE-SECTION; MIDDLE-EAR PRESSURE; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; TERM-FOLLOW-UP; INNER-EAR; DOUBLE-BLIND; DRUG-DELIVERY;
D O I
10.1055/s-0035-1555808
中图分类号
R76 [耳鼻咽喉科学];
学科分类号
100213 ;
摘要
Zusammenfassung Der Morbus Meniere ist eine der haufigsten Innenohrerkrankungen und Schwindelsyndrome. Er ist definiert als das idiopathische Syndrom des endolymphatischen Hydrops. Dieser kann spontan auftreten und ist dann vermutlich durch eine Kombination verschiedener interner und externer pradisponierender Faktoren bedingt. Ein endolymphatischer Hydrops kann sich aber auch im Gefolge spezifischer Erkrankungen mit Innenohrschadigungen finden (z.B. beim Vestibularisschwannom). In den letzten Jahren wurden gro ss e Fortschritte bei der Diagnostik des Morbus Meniere erreicht, allen voran die Moglichkeit, den endolymphatischen Hydrops am Patienten mittels MRT-Untersuchung zu visualisieren. Die therapeutischen Versuche sind aktuell - mit Ausnahme der ablativen Verfahren - noch immer mit Unsicherheiten behaftet. In dieser ubersicht werden bewahrte Konzepte und aktuelle Ansatze in der Pathophysiologie, Diagnostik und Therapie auch unter dem Aspekt der evidenzbasierten Medizin erlautert. Abstract Meniere`s disease is one of the most common inner ear and vestibular disorders. It is defined as the idiopathic syndrome of endolymphatic hydrops (ELH). Despite the development of several different animal models of ELH, its etiology and pathogenesis is still unresolved. In humans, endolymphatic hydrops may occur spontaneously or as a consequence of specific disorders with distinct inner ear pathologies, e.g., infectious labyrinthitis, noise induced hearing loss or vestibular schwannoma. Recent imaging studies using MRI have shown that hydropic ear disease is associated not only with the full triad of vertigo, hearing, loss and tinnitus/aural pressure, but also with inner ear symptoms that do not fulfill the clinical criteria of definite Meniere's disease as set forth by the AAO-HNS. Therefore, terms like atypical or cochlear/vestibular Meniere's disease or forme fruste should be avoided and the term Meniere's disease should universally be applied according only to these guidelines. Besides that, the recent possibility of visualizing endolymphatic hydrops on MRI and thereby ascertaining the diagnosis in difficult cases and new audiovestibular function tests for the indirect detection of endolymphatic hydrops show promising results. Evidenced based reviews of currently available therapeutic options still reveal many uncertainties with regard to efficacy, with the exception of the ablative therapies, e.g., intratympanic gentamicin application.
引用
收藏
页码:530 / 554
页数:25
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