Exploring learner autonomy: language learning locus of control in multilinguals

By using data from an online language learning beliefs survey (n = 841), defining language learning experience in terms of participants' multilingualism, and using a domain-specific language learning locus of control (LLLOC) instrument, this article examines whether more experienced language learners can also be seen as more autonomous language learners. Statistical analyses revealed small but significant positive correlations between the three multilingualism measures used and LLLOC scores, with higher scores indicating a more internal LLLOC. Participants with a higher linguistic repertoire size and overall language proficiency, who used their languages more frequently, had higher LLLOC scores than those with less languages at lower levels of proficiency and frequency of use. These findings suggest that more experienced language learners might indeed be more autonomous learners, as they subscribe to language learning beliefs that are indicative of a more internal LLLOC.