Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Magnetic Resonance Imaging Measurements and Cognitive Performance in Autism

被引:36
|
作者
Griebling, Jessica [2 ]
Minshew, Nancy J. [2 ,3 ]
Bodner, Kimberly [4 ]
Libove, Robin [1 ]
Bansal, Rahul [5 ]
Konasale, Prasad [2 ]
Keshavan, Matcheri S. [6 ]
Hardan, Antonio [1 ]
机构
[1] Stanford Univ, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
[2] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Western Psychiat Inst & Clin, Dept Psychiat, Pittsburgh, PA USA
[3] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Western Psychiat Inst & Clin, Dept Neurol, Pittsburgh, PA USA
[4] Univ Pittsburgh, Western Psychiat Inst & Clin, Univ Pittsburgh Autism Ctr Excellence, Med Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
[5] Wayne State Univ, Dept Psychiat & Behav Neurosci, Detroit, MI USA
[6] Harvard Univ, Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA
关键词
autism; frontal lobe; dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; magnetic resonance imaging; executive function; CARD SORTING TEST; DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; IMPAIRED MEMORY FUNCTIONS; HIGH-FUNCTIONING AUTISM; EXECUTIVE FUNCTION; HEAD CIRCUMFERENCE; FRONTAL-CORTEX; ASPERGERS SYNDROME; WORKING-MEMORY; CHILDREN;
D O I
10.1177/0883073809351313
中图分类号
R74 [神经病学与精神病学];
学科分类号
摘要
This study examined the relationships between volumetric measurements of frontal lobe structures and performance on executive function tasks in individuals with autism. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were obtained from 38 individuals with autism and 40 matched controls between the ages of 8 and 45 years. Executive function was assessed using neuropsychological measures including the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and Tower of Hanoi. Differences in performance on the neuropsychological tests were found between the 2 groups. However, no differences in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex volumes were observed between groups. No correlations between volumetric measurements and performance on the neuropsychological tests were found. Findings from this study suggest that executive function deficits observed in autism are related to functional but not anatomical abnormalities of the frontal lobe. The absence of correlations suggests that executive dysfunction is not the result of focal brain alterations but, rather, is the result of a distributed neural network dysfunction.
引用
收藏
页码:856 / 863
页数:8
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