Insomnia during COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown: Prevalence, severity, and associated risk factors in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Objectives: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is highly infectious respiratory disease; it was spread globally to plenty of countries which can be effect on peoples sleep pattern and their psychological condition. The purpose of our study is to measure the prevalence of insomnia and its risk factors during the COVID19 pandemic and lockdown in Jeddah city. Methodology: Cross-sectional study with number of 395 participants from general Jeddah population in Saudi Arabia, conducted in July 2020. Three validated questionnaires were used: insomnia severity index (ISI), Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7), and scale 3-Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Results: Our sample size is 395, most of the individuals suffer of several days nervous, worrying too much, not being able to control worrying, trouble relaxing, being restless, and feeling afraid as if something awful might happen 55.9%, 43.0%, 40.3%, 40.5%, 37.7% and 35.4%, respectively. Both genders have mild anxiety 48.4%.Scoring for depression in females were mild 18.0% and moderately depression 11.4% while males had mild depression 13.2%. Of all the participants 34.9% and 45.3%, had mild difficulty falling and staying asleep, 31.4% and 25.8% had moderate difficulty, respectively. 31.6% had mild problem waking up too early and 30.6% had moderate problem. Conclusion: Insomnia is definitely linked with all variables except educational level. In contrast to depression and anxiety which have association with educational level only. Female scored higher level than males in anxiety, depression and insomnia.