机构:
Inst J Paoli I Calmettes, F-13009 Marseille, France
Comite ERMES, Marseille, France
INSERM, UMR912, F-13258 Marseille, FranceInst J Paoli I Calmettes, F-13009 Marseille, France
Eisinger, F.
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机构:
[1] Inst J Paoli I Calmettes, F-13009 Marseille, France
Researches are no longer an individual activity but are now "plural," and therefore involve conflicts of interest. Many examples can be imagined (or observed): the patient versus patients leading to the paradigmatic case of sacrifice. Is it allowed to sacrifice one human being on purpose to increase the benefit of many? Researcher (the agent of science) versus physician (the agent of the patient). Patients versus patients (struggling for funding). Industrial versus academic that is the most emblematic (Manichean) case with both "shady" capitalism versus "immaculate" research and Goliath versus David. There is, however, some truth within that case but the point here argued is that it is not (or it should not be) an ethical concern but an organizational issue. To deal with conflicts of interest is a necessity since they won't disappear. Modern tools of crisis management such as participation of all at stake groups and debating and transparency of argued decision are required. If no real improvement is carried out, loss of confidence in science will occur. Therefore, conflicts of interest are traps for physicians/researchers and are a threat to the society.
机构:
Washington Univ, Dept Polit Sci, Campus Box 1063,One Brookings Dr, St Louis, MO 63130 USAWashington Univ, Dept Polit Sci, Campus Box 1063,One Brookings Dr, St Louis, MO 63130 USA
Montgomery, Jacob M.
Rossiter, Erin L.
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机构:
Washington Univ, Dept Polit Sci, Campus Box 1063,One Brookings Dr, St Louis, MO 63130 USAWashington Univ, Dept Polit Sci, Campus Box 1063,One Brookings Dr, St Louis, MO 63130 USA
机构:
Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Hosp Univ Clementino Fraga Filho, Dept Clin Med, Serv Neurol, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, BrazilUniv Fed Rio de Janeiro, Hosp Univ Clementino Fraga Filho, Dept Clin Med, Serv Neurol, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
Maranhao-Filho, Pericles
Barany, Anders
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h-index: 0
机构:
Stockholm Univ, Stockholm, SwedenUniv Fed Rio de Janeiro, Hosp Univ Clementino Fraga Filho, Dept Clin Med, Serv Neurol, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil