Outbreaks of waterborne infectious intestinal disease in England and Wales, 1992-5

被引:99
|
作者
Furtado, C
Adak, GK
Stuart, JM
Wall, PG
Evans, HS
Casemore, DP
机构
[1] Publ Hlth Lab Serv, Ctr Communicable Dis Surveillance, London NW9 5EQ, England
[2] PHLS, Ctr Communicable Dis Surveillance, Gloucester, England
[3] Publ Hlth Lab, Cryptosporidium Reference Unit, Rhyl, Wales
来源
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION | 1998年 / 121卷 / 01期
关键词
D O I
10.1017/S0950268898001083
中图分类号
R1 [预防医学、卫生学];
学科分类号
1004 ; 120402 ;
摘要
Following the introduction of an improved surveillance system for infectious intestinal disease outbreaks in England and Wales, the Public Health Laboratory Service Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre received reports of 26 outbreaks between 1 January 1992 and 31 December 1995 in which there was evidence for waterborne transmission of infection. In these 26 outbreaks, 1756 laboratory confirmed cases were identified of whom 69 (4 %) were admitted to hospital. In 19 outbreaks, illness was associated with the consumption of drinking water from public supplies (10 outbreaks) or private supplies (9 outbreaks). The largest outbreak consisted of 575 cases. In 4 of the remaining 7 outbreaks, illness was associated with exposure to swimming pool water. Cryptosporidium was identified as the probable causative organism in all 14 outbreaks associated with public water supplies and swimming pools. Campylobacter was responsible for most outbreaks associated with private water supplies. This review confirms a continuing risk of cryptosporidiosis from chlorinated water supplies in England and Wales, and reinforces governmental advice to water utilities that water treatment processes should be rigorously applied to ensure effective particle removal. High standards of surveillance are important for prompt recognition of outbreaks and institution of control measures. As microbiological evidence of water contamination may be absent or insufficient to implicate a particular water supply, a high standard of epidemiological investigation is recommended in all outbreaks of suspected waterborne disease.
引用
收藏
页码:109 / 119
页数:11
相关论文
共 50 条
  • [41] A REVIEW OF OUTBREAKS OF INFECTIOUS-DISEASE IN SCHOOLS IN ENGLAND AND WALES 1979-88
    JOSEPH, C
    NOAH, N
    WHITE, J
    HOSKINS, T
    [J]. EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION, 1990, 105 (02): : 419 - 434
  • [42] SURVEY OF FIELD OUTBREAKS OF AVIAN INFECTIOUS LARYNGOTRACHEITIS IN ENGLAND AND WALES
    HUGHES, CS
    GASKELL, RM
    BRADBURY, JM
    JORDAN, FTW
    JONES, RC
    [J]. VETERINARY RECORD, 1991, 129 (12) : 258 - 260
  • [43] Surveillance of outbreaks of waterborne infectious disease: categorizing levels of evidence
    Tillett, HE
    de Louvois, J
    Wall, PG
    [J]. EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION, 1998, 120 (01): : 37 - 42
  • [44] Outbreaks of infectious disease associated with private drinking water supplies in England and Wales 1970-2000
    Said, B
    Wright, F
    Nichols, GL
    Reacher, M
    Rutter, M
    [J]. EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION, 2003, 130 (03): : 469 - 479
  • [45] Tuberculosis in National Health Service hospital staff in the West Midlands region of England, 1992-5
    Hill, A
    Burge, A
    Skinner, C
    [J]. THORAX, 1997, 52 (11) : 994 - 997
  • [46] Two epidemiologic patterns of Norovirus outbreaks:: Surveillance in England and Wales, 1992-2000
    Lopman, BA
    Adak, GK
    Reacher, MH
    Brown, DWG
    [J]. EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 2003, 9 (01) : 71 - 77
  • [47] Rainfall and outbreaks of drinking water related disease and in England and Wales
    Nichols, Gordon
    Lane, Chris
    Asgari, Nima
    Verlander, Neville Q.
    Charlett, Andre
    [J]. JOURNAL OF WATER AND HEALTH, 2009, 7 (01) : 1 - 8
  • [48] Infectious disease in England and Wales - Week ended Oct 7
    不详
    [J]. LANCET, 1944, 2 : 549 - 549
  • [49] SOURCES OF DATA ON INFECTIOUS-DISEASE IN ENGLAND, WALES AND SCOTLAND
    NOAH, ND
    REID, D
    [J]. JOURNAL OF INFECTION, 1979, 1 (03) : 295 - 298
  • [50] Infectious disease in England and Wales - Week ended March 4
    不详
    [J]. LANCET, 1944, 1 : 390 - 390