Multimodal imaging of hypertensive chorioretinopathy by swept-source optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography angiography Case report

Rationale: To investigate malignant hypertension ocular lesions with swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A). Patient concerns: Visual loss due to malignant hypertension. Diagnoses: Hypertensive chorioretinopathy. Interventions: Patients were thoroughly examined on presentation and 30 days after their first visit, with swept-source optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography angiography. Outcomes: Lesions were totally absorbed during the follow-up time. Additionally, they presented fibrin deposits, as multiple solid hyper-reflective structures overlying retinal pigment epithelium, on both-SS-OCT and OCT-A. The last were still detected even larger in size at the last visit of the patients. Lessons: These novel imaging examinations allow the ophthalmologist to detect in detail the several clinical manifestations of malignant hypertension on the fundus, and draw useful conclusions about their peculiar pathogenesis.