Experiences of HIV-positive gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men residing in relatively rural areas

被引:20
|
作者
Hubach, Randolph D. [1 ,2 ]
Dodge, Brian [2 ]
Schick, Vanessa [3 ]
Ramos, William D. [4 ]
Herbenick, Debby [2 ]
Li, Michael J. [5 ]
Cola, Thea [6 ]
Reece, Michael [2 ]
机构
[1] Oklahoma State Univ, Sch Appl Hlth & Educ Psychol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA
[2] Indiana Univ, Sch Publ Hlth Bloomington, Ctr Sexual Hlth Promot, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA
[3] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Sch Publ Hlth, Houston, TX 77030 USA
[4] Indiana Univ, Sch Publ Hlth Bloomington, Dept Recreat Pk & Tourism Studies, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA
[5] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Div Hlth Behav Res, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
[6] Indiana Univ, Sch Publ Hlth Bloomington, Dept Appl Hlth Sci, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA
关键词
HIV-related stigma; sexual behaviour; men who have sex with men; USA; RISK BEHAVIOR; UNITED-STATES; IDENTIFIED MEN; STIGMA; LONELINESS; PREVENTION; COMMUNITY; HIV/AIDS; URBAN; DISCLOSURE;
D O I
10.1080/13691058.2014.994231
中图分类号
D669 [社会生活与社会问题]; C913 [社会生活与社会问题];
学科分类号
1204 ;
摘要
Most previous studies of the sexual behaviour of gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men living with HIV are based on samples of men recruited within relatively urban and suburban areas of the USA. The aim of the present study was to explore the potential challenges associated with HIV-related stigma and residing in a relatively rural area. We conducted a qualitative study based in south-central Indiana, a relatively rural area of the USA. Twenty-three HIV-positive gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men, aged 21-48 years, were interviewed on topics regarding community engagement, perceived HIV-related stigma, relationship formation, sexual behaviour and HIV status disclosure. Findings indicate HIV-related stigma is commonly reported at the interpersonal and community levels. Because of this, men face complex situations on how and when to disclose their HIV status to members of their social and sexual networks. Although many participants reported many challenges associated with relationship formation, all expressed a desire for romantic and/or sexual connections with other men and/or women. Results suggest that new programmatic approaches are necessary to inform the work of social service and medical providers on mechanisms to intervene and combat stigma and discrimination inherent in communities, programmes and policies. En la mayoria de los estudios previos sobre el comportamiento sexual de homosexuales, bisexuales y otros hombres que tienen relaciones sexuales con hombres seropositivos se utilizan muestras de hombres captados en areas relativamente urbanas y suburbanas de los Estados Unidos. El objetivo de este estudio era analizar que dificultades podria sufrir este grupo debido al estigma por el VIH y el hecho de residir en un area relativamente rural. Llevamos a cabo un estudio cualitativo en la zona centromeridional de Indiana, un area relativamente rural de los Estados Unidos. Se entrevisto a veintitres homosexuales seropositivos, bisexuales y otros hombres que tienen relaciones sexuales con hombres, con edades comprendidas entre los 21 y los 48 anos, para hablar de temas sobre la participacion comunitaria, el estigma percibido por el VIH, la formacion de relaciones, la conducta sexual y la revelacion del estado seropositivo del VIH. Los resultados indican que normalmente se informa sobre el estigma relacionado con el VIH en un ambito interpersonal y comunitario. Por tanto, los hombres se enfrentan a situaciones complejas sobre como y cuando revelar su estado seropositivo a los miembros de sus redes sociales y sexuales. Aunque gran parte de los participantes informaron sobre numerosas dificultades a la hora de establecer relaciones, todos expresaron el deseo de tener relaciones romanticas o sexuales con otros hombres o mujeres. Los resultados indican que es necesario crear nuevos programas para informar a los responsables de los servicios sociales y los proveedores medicos sobre los mecanismos para intervenir y luchar contra el estigma y la discriminacion inherentes en las comunidades, los programas y las politicas. Jusqu'ici, la plupart des etudes sur les comportements sexuels des hommes gays, bisexuels, et des autres hommes qui ont des rapports avec des hommes, ont ete basees sur des echantillons composes de participants recrutes dans des zones relativement urbaines des Etats-Unis. L'objectif de la presente etude etait d'explorer les difficultes potentielles dues a la stigmatisation associee au VIH parmi ces hommes qui habitent dans des zones relativement rurales. Nous avons conduit une etude qualitative dans le Centre-sud de l'Indiana, une region relativement rurale des Etats-Unis. Vingt-trois hommes (gays, bisexuels, autres hommes ayant des rapports avec des hommes) ages de 21 a 48 ans et seropositifs au VIH ont ete interroges sur des sujets en rapport avec l'engagement de leur communaute, leurs perceptions sur la stigmatisation associee au VIH, le developpement des relations, les comportements sexuels et le devoilement de la seropositivite au VIH. Les resultats indiquent que la stigmatisation associee au VIH est couramment rapportee a des niveaux interpersonnels et communautaires. Ainsi, les hommes se retrouvent-ils dans des situations complexes, axees autour de deux questions: comment et quand devoiler leur statut serologique a des membres de leurs reseaux sociaux et sexuels. Bien que de nombreux participants aient rapporte un nombre important de difficultes associees au developpement des relations, tous ont exprime le desir d'avoir des relations romantiques et/ou sexuelles avec d'autres hommes et/ou des femmes. Les resultats suggerent qu'il est necessaire d'elaborer de nouveaux programmes permettant d'informer les prestataires de services sociaux ou medicaux sur les mecanismes d'intervention et de lutte contre la stigmatisation et la discrimination inherentes aux communautes, aux programmes et aux politiques.
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收藏
页码:795 / 809
页数:15
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