Power Flow Steady-State Model Analysis of Grid-Connected Plug-in Electric Vehicle Charging Stations

This paper presents an accurate procedure for modeling plug-in electric vehicles (PEV) and vehicle charging centers in steady state distribution power-flow analysis. The purpose of this paper is to improve a methodology of analyzing a vehicular charging center in the steady state networks, basing PEV model on a voltage source converter as a power injection. In this approach, the electric vehicles load system can be modeled in two alternatives: (i) connected to a single bus, i.e, in a PQ bus type in the power flow, and (ii) connected to a bus voltage controller, i.e, in a PV bus type. A Tesla Roadster PEV including a lithium-ion battery pack and a single phase inverter is modeled with the methodology presented in this paper. The proposed model is tested in the IEEE 14-bus system, where calculated results show that the develop model is accurate.